Python Print() Syntax

matteo nunziati

tested both python 2.7 and 3.4, while the print() output is different, still the added space is there.

momurda

Wth i tested this like 30 times before posting the OP.
but now it is adding another space, i swear it wasnt.
How bout this one:

print(name +" ",dob)
print(name," ",dob)

Why? From what i can tell these should be the same output but are not.

There are also differences in output between running python from terminal and thonny. I suppose this is just a formatting thing for the shell or for Thonny making things look nice.
0_1520459767867_4fbd9a5b-380b-4554-8544-d9343c760662-image.png
Now i see my python in cmd terminal is running 2.7 for some reason.

scottalanmiller

So I've been programming for 33 years, so don't take this as anything but, when I test those three, they all give me exactly what I expect them to give me. So I think Python is doing the right thing, I'm going to guess that you have an odd expectation here. Since we don't know what that expectation is, it's hard to point to where your thinking is incorrect.

Here is what I get:

>>> name = "Scott"
>>> dob = 1976
>>> print(name,dob)
('Scott', 1976)
>>> print(name + " ",dob)
('Scott ', 1976)
>>> print(name," ",dob)
('Scott', ' ', 1976)

scottalanmiller

Now... why?

>>> print(name,dob)
('Scott', 1976)

Print: name comma dob

That's exactly what it prints. There are no spaces specified anywhere. You specify the contents of the name variable, a comma, and the contents of the dob variable.

JaredBusch

@scottalanmiller said in Python Print() Syntax:

So I think Python is doing the right thing, I'm going to guess that you have an odd expectation here.

Yes, Python is doing exactly what it should.

What are you thinking you should see @momurda?

momurda

@scottalanmiller I dont have any expectation.
yours i think is output from 2.7
3.6 looks like
0_1520460234077_335fdbb5-30bb-4360-8591-2bba4fe5fe5f-image.png
as well as my Thonny install which uses 3.6

scottalanmiller

And part two:

>>> print(name + " ",dob)
('Scott ', 1976)

Print: name concatenated with a space comma dob

What they are trying to teach you here is that the concatenation operator "+" takes precedence over other formatting so is tacking the space you specify onto the end of the "name" variable before it formats the print statement. So when it prints out the comma is still against the quote, but there is a space inside of the quotes. That's because the resulting string is inside the quotes, and the space is part of that string.

scottalanmiller

@momurda said in Python Print() Syntax:

@scottalanmiller I dont have any expectation.
yours i think is output from 2.7
3.6 looks like

as well as my Thonny install which uses 3.6

Python 3 changed a lot, enough that it is considered a new language.

scottalanmiller

So in Python 3:

>>> name = "scott"
>>> dob = 1976
>>> print(name,dob)
scott 1976
>>> print(name + " ",dob)
scott  1976
>>> print(name," ",dob)
scott   1976

The big change to Python 3 is that the comma is no longer treated as a character, but is now processed as a separator.

momurda

@scottalanmiller said in python syntax:

So in Python 3:
>>> name = "scott"
>>> dob = 1976
>>> print(name,dob)
scott 1976
>>> print(name + " ",dob)
scott  1976
>>> print(name," ",dob)
scott   1976
The big change to Python 3 is that the comma is no longer treated as a character, but is now processed as a separator.

This bit in particular incredibly important i think. The , as separator is most common in other languages yes? I think this is the root of my confusion here.

I suppose i could have read the changelog from 2.7 to 3.6 but i probably wouldnt understand most of it at this point.

scottalanmiller

@momurda said in Python Print() Syntax:

@scottalanmiller said in python syntax:
So in Python 3:
>>> name = "scott"
>>> dob = 1976
>>> print(name,dob)
scott 1976
>>> print(name + " ",dob)
scott  1976
>>> print(name," ",dob)
scott   1976
The big change to Python 3 is that the comma is no longer treated as a character, but is now processed as a separator.
This bit in particular incredibly important i think. The , as separator is most common in other languages yes? I think this is the root of my confusion here.

I suppose i could have read the changelog from 2.7 to 3.6 but i probably wouldnt understand most of it at this point.

Not uncommon, but something you have to know how it is treated in each language. Python is white space gnostic, which is extremely rare and confusing to people from most languages.

scottalanmiller

Here is Ruby doing something similar:

irb(main):001:0> name = "Scott"
=> "Scott"
irb(main):002:0> dob = 1976
=> 1976
irb(main):005:0> print "#{name},#{dob}"
Scott,1976=> nil
irb(main):006:0> print "#{name} #{dob}"
Scott 1976=> nil
irb(main):007:0> print "#{name} " " #{dob}"
Scott  1976=> nil
irb(main):008:0> print "#{name}, " ", #{dob}"
Scott, , 1976=> nil

Ruby prints the comma, it does not use it as a separator.

Romo

Python's 3 print() is a function . Your variables are the parameters for the print function.

print(parameter1,parameter2)

Python's 2 print is a special statement not a function so when when you put your variable names inside the print statement python prints out your variables as a tuple because of the , .

>>>print (name)
romo

>>> print(name,)
('romo',)

matteo nunziati

to be clear:
in python 2.x what you get with a print() is a tuple of elements. the comma is there NOT because it is a separator but because it is used in print() to concatenate multiple items (Python objects) in a tuple.

in python 3.x the print() statement print EVERYTHING if it is a string and concatenate the objects into a single string. If you do not pass a string but an object has a __str__() method, it is implicitly invoked.

trivial example in python 2, create a tuple:

t=("rob",21)
print(t)

try to print it. you get exactly the same result than your example. then try the same in python 3.x. again...

the comma in the print statement is misleading you. it is just command synthax nothing to do with a char in a string or anything similar. when you see stuff into rounded brackets, this is a tuple. and by default elements in a tuple are separated by a comma.

(to be accurate the representation of a tuple according to its default __str__() method)

NOW
try the same thing calling tuple items explicitly:

print(t[0], t[1])

output is different in python3! In this sense pythion 3 is more accurate in the data representation.

EVENTUALLY
if you really want a comma separated list of items into a string you must format it:

 print("%s; %s" % t)

in this case I've used a semicolon to point out the difference.

Romo

EVENTUALLY
if you really want a comma separated list of items into a string you must format it:
 print("%s; %s" % t)
in this case I've used a semicolon to point out the difference.

Just to add a little bit to the formatting of strings.

If you are using python 3.6+ you can use formatted string literals or f-strings which in my opinion are much easier to read and use, rather than formatting with % or .format() or concatenating strings.

print(f'{name},{dob}')
romo,1986

Obsolesce

@momurda said in Python Print() Syntax:

Say i want to print some stuff to terminal screen
name = "matt"
dob = "1980"
print(name,dob)
print(name + " ",dob)
Result is the same. Is there a reason Thonny chooses to teach me method 2? Is it just to illustrate concatenation with strings and variables in print function?

For comparison, this is how I'd do that same code in PHP:

<?php
    $name = 'tim';
    $year = '2018';
    echo $name . " " . $year;
?>

scottalanmiller

@tim_g said in Python Print() Syntax:

@momurda said in Python Print() Syntax:
Say i want to print some stuff to terminal screen
name = "matt"
dob = "1980"
print(name,dob)
print(name + " ",dob)
Result is the same. Is there a reason Thonny chooses to teach me method 2? Is it just to illustrate concatenation with strings and variables in print function?
For comparison, this is how I'd do that same code in PHP:
<?php
    $name = 'tim';
    $year = '2018';
    echo $name . " " . $year;
?>

Well, that's how you'd do it in PHP that is encapsulated inside of HTML. Not really how PHP does it exactly.

scottalanmiller

PHP itself looks like this in a REPL...

   $name = "Scott";
=> "Scott"   $dob = "1976";
=> "1976"   print $name . $dob;
Scott1976

Obsolesce

@scottalanmiller said in Python Print() Syntax:

@tim_g said in Python Print() Syntax:
@momurda said in Python Print() Syntax:
Say i want to print some stuff to terminal screen
name = "matt"
dob = "1980"
print(name,dob)
print(name + " ",dob)
Result is the same. Is there a reason Thonny chooses to teach me method 2? Is it just to illustrate concatenation with strings and variables in print function?
For comparison, this is how I'd do that same code in PHP:
<?php
    $name = 'tim';
    $year = '2018';
    echo $name . " " . $year;
?>
Well, that's how you'd do it in PHP that is encapsulated inside of HTML. Not really how PHP does it exactly.

What's it matter... anything inside of the PHP tags is being parsed by PHP.
That's how you do it also in a PHP file with no html. I'm not sure what your point is.

scottalanmiller

@tim_g said in Python Print() Syntax:

@scottalanmiller said in Python Print() Syntax:
@tim_g said in Python Print() Syntax:
@momurda said in Python Print() Syntax:
Say i want to print some stuff to terminal screen
name = "matt"
dob = "1980"
print(name,dob)
print(name + " ",dob)
Result is the same. Is there a reason Thonny chooses to teach me method 2? Is it just to illustrate concatenation with strings and variables in print function?
For comparison, this is how I'd do that same code in PHP:
<?php
    $name = 'tim';
    $year = '2018';
    echo $name . " " . $year;
?>
Well, that's how you'd do it in PHP that is encapsulated inside of HTML. Not really how PHP does it exactly.
What's it matter... anything inside of the PHP tags is being parsed by PHP.
That's how you do it also in a PHP file with no html. I'm not sure what your point is.

PHP is often taught as only existing inside HTML, rather than being its own language. It can be very confusing. The average person using PHP doesn't even realize that you can run PHP scripts.